An etf is the abbreviation for an exchange-traded open-ended index fund, often referred to as an exchange-traded fund, which is an open-ended fund with variable shares traded on an exchange.

An ETF is a special type of open-ended fund that combines the operational features of a closed-ended fund and an open-ended fund in that investors can both subscribe or redeem shares from the fund management company and, at the same time, buy and sell ETF shares on the secondary market at market prices, just like a closed-ended fund, although subscriptions and redemptions must be made in exchange for a basket of shares or in exchange for a basket of shares. However, redemptions must be made in exchange for a basket of shares or in exchange for a basket of shares. The existence of both a secondary market trading and subscription and redemption mechanism allows investors to carry out arbitrage transactions when there is a spread between the market price of the ETF and the net value of the fund units. The existence of the arbitrage mechanism allows ETFs to avoid the discount problem prevalent in closed-end funds.

Depending on the investment method, ETFs can be divided into index funds and actively managed funds, with the vast majority of foreign ETFs being index funds. The ETFs currently launched in China are also index funds. ETF index funds represent the ownership of a basket of stocks and are index funds that are traded on stock exchanges like stocks, with their trading prices and net value movements of fund shares basically in line with the index they track. Therefore, by trading an ETF, investors are trading the index it tracks and can achieve returns that are substantially in line with that index. It is usually managed in a fully passive manner, with the objective of fitting an index, and has the characteristics of both an equity and an index fund.

An etf fund is a type of fund that invests in a specific index, buying some or all of the stocks in the index with the aim of achieving the same returns as the index.
etf funds are over-the-counter funds, traded on the stock exchange, and like stocks, traded according to real-time market prices (the principle of price first, time first). It is important to note that cross-border ETFs, bond ETFs, money fund ETFs and gold ETFs are excluded from T 0 trading, while other etf funds are traded on T 1.
Yes, ETFs are also known as listed open-ended funds, i.e. over-the-counter funds. ETF funds generally adopt a passive strategy to track a certain underlying market index, the underlying it tracks is the index in the market, as the index cannot be traded directly, so it can only be traded through ETFs, investors can buy and sell freely like stocks, and ETFs do not charge transfer fees and stamp duty.
An equity ETF is a fund that is based on investing in a particular stock, such as a technology ETF, which tracks an underlying technology index and will then also invest in certain technology stocks.